名词性从句
名词性从句是历年高考必考内容，重点考查连接词的选择，其次还考查名词性从句的语序、语气、时态以及名词性从句的后置等。
名词性从句连接词的选择可从两个方面把握：一是连接词在从句中做不做成分，如果做成分，做什么成分；二是连接词在从句中有无意义，有何意义。详见下表：
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连 接 词
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作 用
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意 义
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|
That
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×
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×
|
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If/whether
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×
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√是否
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What(ever)/which(ever)/
who(ever)/Whom(ever)/
whose/how many/how much
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√
主语、宾语、表语、定语
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√
（无论）什么/哪一个/谁、谁的、多少
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When(ever)/where(ver)/
how(ever)/why/because
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√
状语
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√
（无论）何时/何地/怎样、为什么，因为
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下面就名词性从句考查的方面总结一下几个考点：
考点一 that引导名词性从句
that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不做成分，也没有任何意义。
1. Experts believe ______ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. (2013北京)
A. why B. where C. that D. what
点拨：C that引导宾语从句，在从句中不做成分，也无意义。
2. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. (2013浙江)
A how B that C which D whether
点拨：B that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做成分，也无意义。
3. It’s good to know _____ the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away. (2013山东)
A. what B. whose C. which D. that
点拨：D that引导宾语从句，在从句中不做成分，也无意义。
考点二 if/whether引导名词性从句
if/whether引导名词性从句时，在从句中不做成分，但表示“是否”之意。
1. It doesn’t matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.
(2012天津)
A. whether B. how C. if D. when
点拨：A whether引导主语从句后置，whether在从句中不作成分，表示“是否”。if也可以引导名词性从句，表示“是否”，但不能与or或or not连用。
2. It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice. (2013陕西)
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
点拨：D 句意：新成立的委员会的政策能否付诸实施还有待观察。Whether意为“是否”，符合句意。
3. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but 安徽) he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. (2012
A. where B. whether C. that D. why
点拨：B whether引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分，表示“是否”。
考点三what(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)等引导名词性从句
What(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)等引导名词性从句时，在从句中可做主语、宾语、表语或定语，并分别表示“（无论）什么/哪一个/谁”等意义。
1. ______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. (2013北京)
A. That B. What C. Who D. Which
点拨：B what引导主语从句，并在从句中做主语，表示“什么”。
2. Police have found _____ appears to be the lost ancient statue. (2013全国I)
A. which B. where C. how D. what
点拨：D what引导宾语从句，并在从句中做主语，表示“什么”。
3. (2013江西) _______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Wherever
点拨：C 连接词在主语从句中做定语，且有范of you，应用whichever，表示“无论哪一个”。
注意：whoever/whatever等与no matter who/what等的区别
whoever/whatever等可引导名词性从句，也可引导状语从句，但no matter who/what等
只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。如：
Could I speak to __________ is in charge of International Sales, please? （2012全国）
A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who
答案：C
考点四 when(ever)/where(ver)/how(ever)/why等引导名词性从句
When(ever)/where(ver)/how(ever)/why等引导名词性从句时，在从句中做状语，并表示“（无论）何时/何地/怎样、为什么”等意义。
1. (2013湖南) Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.
A. how B. that C. which D. where
点拨：A 句意：不要因任何失败而泄气，因为你永远不知道你离胜利有多近。how引导宾语从句，并在从句中做状语，修饰close。
2. Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers. (2012四川)
A. when B. how C. that D. whether
点拨：B study后接一个宾语从句，连接词在从句中作状语，表示“怎样”，故用how。
3. It was never clear ______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner. (2011江苏)
A. that B. how C. when D. why
点拨：D 由句意“永远也弄不清楚那个人为什么没有及时报告事故。”可知，应用why。
考点五名词性从句的语序、时态及语气
名词性从句用陈述句语序；名词性从句表示什么时候的事就用什么时态；在与表示“要
求、建议、命令”等词有关的名词性从句中，名词性从句常用“should+动词原形”，should
可以省略。
1. Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old.
(2013浙江)
A was B be C were D is
点拨：B recommend后面的宾语从句要用“should+动词原形在”表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。
2. My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend. (2013陕西)
A. should B. might C. could D. would
点拨：A suggest后面的宾语从句应用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气。
3. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ______. (2010上海)
A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
点拨：B which引导宾语从句，用陈述语序。
4. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when __________ and see him. （2005 北京）
A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come
点拨：A when引导的是宾语从句，应用陈述语序；宾语从句表示将来的事，应用一般将来时。
考点六名词性从句后置
主语从句太长，为保持句子平衡，常将主语从句后置，而在主语位置用it做形式主语；宾语从句后还有宾语补足语时，宾语从句要后置，而在宾语的位置用it做形式宾语；在表示喜、怒、哀，乐的动词后先用it做形式宾语，再接宾语从句。
1. Why don’t you bring ______ to his attention that you are too ill to work on？ (2011江西)
A. that B. it C. his D. him
点拨：B it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面that引导的从句。
2. He didn’t make ______ when and where the meeting would be held. (2007 天津)
A. this B. that C. it D. them
点拨：C it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的从句when and where the meeting would be held。