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在学习英语的过程中养成“学习策略”的思索

【 发布作者 北京家教】
学习策略指学生为了有效地学习和发展而采取的各种行动和步骤。英语学习的策略包括认知策略、调控策略、交际策略和资源策略等。教师应在教学中,帮助学生形成适合自己的学习策略。认知策略是指学生为了完成具体学习任务而采取的步骤和方法;调控策略是指学生对学习进行计划、实施、反思、评价和调整的策略;交际策略是学生为了争取更多的交际机会、维持交际以及提高交际效果而采取的各种策略;资源策略是学生合理并有效利用多种媒体进行学习和运用英语的策略。
    学习策略是灵活多样的,策略的使用因人、因时、因事而异。在英语教学中,教师要有意识地帮助学生形成适合自己的学习策略,并具有不断调整自己的学习策略的能力。在英语课程实施中,帮助学生有效地使用学习策略,不仅有利于他们把握学习的方向、采用科学的途径、提高学习效率,而且还有助于他们形成自主学习的能力,为终身学习奠定基础。笔者在教学实践中进行了一些探索,下面以JEFC BOOK3中的U4和U5的学习过程为例进行说明:
    在学习之前,布置了三个思考题:学习宾语从句之前,我们准备了什么?旅行之前,我们准备了什么?进入社会之前,我们准备了什么?看起来这三个问题与我们要学习的英语内容毫无关系,一旦我们做起来就会发现这些与要学习的TRAVEL,HAVE  A  GOOD  TIME !密切相连,因为这两个单元主要学习THE OBJECT CLAUSE。于是问题由此展开:预习什么,怎么预习,用什么资源预习等等牵涉到了认知策略、调控策略和资源策略等等。
    利用课本,课外作业,词典,网络,英语周报以及其他的学习资源进行预习掌握以下内容:
    1.He says that he wants to speak to the headmaster. 宾语从句中,从句为陈述句,连词为that, 可以省略。 在转述别人的话时要注意人称一致
    2.Did you say that you went to Mount Emei? 主句为过去时,从句要用过去相应时态
    3.About where we are going for our holiday. 从句由特殊疑问句充当,连词由疑问词充当,语序要变回陈述句语序。
    这一次的预习不要求全,只要学生能够动手就可以了。因为到我们学习宾语从句的时候还要反复练习。这个过程强调培养学生的学习策略。接下来就是完成为旅行作准备这个任务。
    利用网络,书本和询问别人等方法找资料:
    1.关于海南的一些信息:Different from other provinces, Hainan is the largest ocean island and the smallest land province in China. Although scenery in Hainan lacks the grandness of the Great Wall and the mystery of the Terror-Cotta Warriors, its natural beauty has gained a good reputation among the visitors and has been widely known around the world. People call it "the Oriental Hawaii".
    When to go
    Hainan is an ideal place for you to be away from the cold winter. In January and February, the average temperature is 16 C to 24 C, and 25 C to 29 C is in July and August. The rainy seasons are from May to October. The best time to visit Hainan is between November and March the next year. I suggest those who are fond of swimming had better come to Hainan. It's an excellent swimming and bathing place all the year around, and far away from the crowded cities, it is your best choice for relaxation and entertainment.
    2.关于娥眉山的一些信息:Leshan Giant Buddha, the largest stone sculpture of Buddha in the world, sits at the confluence of the Minjiang, Dadu and Qingyi rivers. According to records, the carving of this giant Buddha was begun in the in the first year of the reign of the Tang Emperor Tang Xuanzong (713 AD), and completed in the 19th year of Emperor Dezong (803 AD), a total of 90 years。 Taking the shape of a Maitreya [see note below] he is depicted barefooted with drooping ears and has his hair arranged in a spiral topknot. His chest is exposed and his hands rest on his knees. Carved from the side of the Lingyun Hill, with his head level with the cliff top, the gigantic stone sculpture faces Mt. Emeishan, with the rivers flowing below his feet.
    了解了要去的地方的有关信息之后还要比较用什么样的交通方式。
    Travelling by train is the best。从而学习Jim’s train ride . 1.More than = over   2. yet 可放于have done 中间或句子